Bump keys are tools that can compromise many traditional pin-tumbler locks by exploiting a lock’s mechanical design. These keys, also known as "999 keys" because their ridges are cut to the maximum depth, have been used by locksmiths for decades but are now more commonly associated with burglaries.
How Bump Keys Work
Bump keys are crafted with all grooves shaved to the deepest depth, making them almost universal. The technique involves inserting the key and then bumping the back of it to manipulate the pins inside the lock, allowing for unauthorized access. This method can often go undetected as it leaves minimal evidence. A lock can typically be bumped open in under 30 seconds.
While bump keys are effective on many cylinder-type locks, they do not damage the lock or leave behind signs of tampering. However, they do not work on car locks or deadbolts designed to resist bumping due to different lock mechanisms.
Limitations and Considerations
While the use of bump keys poses a significant security threat to many homes and buildings, there are limitations to their effectiveness. High-quality locks with hard, durable parts are less susceptible to bumping, and signs of a lock being bumped may include new nicks around the keyhole or shiny metal edges.
Bump keys cannot open automobiles since they use differently designed locks. It’s also notable that some brands require specific bump keys; for instance, a Kwikset lock would need a bump key made from a Kwikset key. Despite their limitations, the widespread availability and affordable nature of bump keys make them a topic of security concern.
The technique, originally designed by Danish locksmiths, continues to be a valid method for opening locks during emergencies or by professionals after disasters. However, the potential for misuse makes it a dual-edged tool in the security landscape.