Nail Structure
The structures that define and produce the nail include the matrix, proximal nail fold, eponychium, paronychium, and hyponychium. The nail bed is the skin beneath the nail plate. It supplies nourishment and protection to the nail. The nail plate protects the living nail bed of the fingers and toes. It is composed of layers of keratinized skin cells packed closely together. The nail grows gradually over the nail bed and becomes the free edge.
The proximal nail fold protects most of the nail matrix from injury. The epidermal helix grows from the proximal nail bed and adjoins the nail plate. The proximal nail fold and cuticle together form a protective seal. If the nail structure is disrupted, the nail can look abnormal.
Nail Art
Nail art involves decorating fingernails and toenails, usually after trimming, shaping, and polishing. Popular basic nail shapes are square, round, oval, squoval, and pointed. Abstract designs, 3D art, and bright colors are trending nail art options.
Functions of the Fingernail
The nail isn’t just a tool for handling objects. It also protects against infection when the nail structures are damaged. Health conditions like fungal infections and melanoma can occur in nails.