Overview of G-code in CNC Programming
G-code is the programming language for CNC machines. It consists of lines of code organized in blocks. Each block controls one CNC operation, like a cutting operation with a specific tool. G-codes primarily instruct the machine on the geometry of the cut. M-codes control hardware aspects, like turning the spindle on or off.
Understanding G-code in CNC Programming
Simply put, G-code is a software programming language used to control a CNC machine. G-code consists of instructions that the microcontroller in the CNC machine can read and interpret.
G-code in CNC Machining
At the heart of CNC machining’s unmatched efficiency and accuracy are the G and M codes – the critical programming languages that guide CNC machines.
Examples of G-code Usage
G-code directs 3D printers to slowly build up material in a process called additive manufacturing. This can be distinguished from CNC machining which is a subtractive process, taking material away.
Generating G and M Codes
Generating G and M codes for a complex component may take several weeks. G codes instruct the machine where to move, while M codes tell it what operation to perform.
Additional Information
In addition to G-codes, CNC programming makes use of M codes for miscellaneous functions, S codes for spindle speed control, F codes for feed rates, and T codes for tool selection. All programs begin and end with a percent sign, and every program has a program number following the first percent sign, such as O0007.