Leveraged Buyout (BYO) Definition: What It Is and How It Works. Is an LBO a merger? An LBO is a type of merger, but not all mergers are LBOs. In an LBO, a private equity firm buys a majority stake in a company using a combination of debt and equity. The firm then restructures the company in order to make it more profitable and eventually sells it for a profit.
How does a company buyout work?
The first step in a company buyout is usually an offer from the acquiring company to the shareholders of the target company. If the offer is accepted, the next step is for the two companies to sign a definitive agreement, which outlines the terms and conditions of the deal. After the agreement is signed, the next step is for the shareholders of the target company to vote on the deal. If the deal is approved by the shareholders, the final step is for the two companies to complete the transaction. What is the M&A transaction equation? M&A Transaction = (Purchase Price + Contingent Consideration) - (Target Company's Cash + Debt)
In an M&A transaction, the purchase price is typically the sum of the cash paid upfront, plus any contingent consideration that is due based on certain milestones being met by the target company after the acquisition. The target company's cash and debt are then subtracted from this to give the final M&A transaction equation.
So, for example, if the purchase price is $100 million, and the target company has $50 million in cash and $30 million in debt, the final M&A transaction equation would be:
$100 million + $0 (contingent consideration) - $50 million (target company's cash) - $30 million (target company's debt) = $20 million
This means that the acquiring company would pay $20 million to the shareholders of the target company after the acquisition was complete.
How do you make an LBO model?
The first step is to gather data on the target company, including financial statements, operating data, and industry information. This data will be used to build a model of the target company.
Next, a valuation of the target company is performed using a variety of methods, including Discounted Cash Flow (DCF), Comps, and Precedent Transactions.
Once the target company is valued, a financial model is built to determine how much debt can be used to finance the purchase price. This model includes a pro forma balance sheet, income statement, and cash flow statement.
The model is then used to determine the optimal debt-to-equity ratio and interest rate for the deal.
Finally, a sensitivity analysis is performed to stress test the model and identify any potential risks.
What is the difference between M&A and LBO?
An M&A is a general term that refers to the consolidation of two companies. An LBO, on the other hand, is a type of M&A where a company is acquired using a significant amount of debt. In an LBO, the acquiring company will often take out a loan to finance the purchase of the target company. The target company's assets are used as collateral for the loan.
One key difference between an M&A and an LBO is that in an LBO, the acquirer is typically more interested in the target company's cash flow and assets than its equity. In an M&A, the acquirer is typically more interested in the target company's equity.
Another difference between an M&A and an LBO is that in an LBO, the target company is usually sold off or liquidated to repay the loan. In an M&A, the target company is typically absorbed into the acquirer.